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Oppurtunities and Struggles for women of the 20th century

Following the end of the Civil War, the closing of the 19th century brought along many new technological and social changes. In the article â€Å"The New Technology and Women’s Work† by Sheila Rothman tells of the opportunities and struggles that women faced in the college and job market following the new social and technological advances of this period. Rothman tells of advancing opportunities in College, as well as Department stores and offices positions, while also acknowledging the limitations that still existed with women in social workplaces. The stereotypes of the early 19th century were beginning to turn, as newfound household electric powered technologies took over, and freed women from traditional and incredibly onerous household†¦show more content†¦They believed that women were more honest than men.† as exclaimed by Rothman, shows how far biases against women had come following the end of the 19th century. While biases towards women became bet ter, there was still not much room for promotion of women in workplaces, because of the belief that men were the only ones that could hold higher positions, because that is how it had been viewed since the beginning of workforces. In a quote Catharine Beecher, referring to women’s place in teaching positions, tells of women’s’ inability to be considered for higher positions, fitted by disposition, and habits, and circumstances for such duties, who, to a very wide extent, must aid in the childhood and youth of this nation; and therefore it is, that females must be trained and edu-cated for this employment†. Even though women had come along way from initially being unable to acquire basic work positions, it proved that there were still biases in promotion of the workplace, biases that are still even present in today’s society. Women have come a very long way since the years following the end of the civil war as projected in Rothman’s article. Unfortunately, gender biases against women the workplace are still very common today, as women are often paid less even the same positions as, and have to work longer to get promotions in the workforce, even in schools. For example, according to the National Center for Education Statistics, â€Å"women work three years longer as a teacherShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Poem A Planet Of Slums 1799 Words   |  8 Pages21st century, for the first time, the global population of cities outnumbered the rural population. In 1950, there were a mere fifty cities with a population of over one million; today there are over five hundred. By 2020, rural populations will cease to increase and virtually all population growth will be in urban centers, expected to peak around ten billion over the next thirty years. In the past, we had seen rapid growth in European and American cities like London in the early 20th century. Today

Analysis of Virtually True free essay sample

Seb asks Michael to help him to retrieve his memory . Michael tries to help Seb in the games-Wild-West Guns, Dragonquest Jailbreak but he fails. But at the last in the game -Warzone he gets success, and rescues Sebastian Shultz. In this way Seb s memory is retrieved and he gains consiousness. Later Michael gets to know that Seb was a real boy and not only a virtual game character. In the last Seb sends an e-mail of thanks to Michael for helping him. They both Michael Sebastian decides to meet soon. In the fiction Virtually true a boy named Sebastian Shultz is very fond of virtual games. Once when he was playing one of his psycodrive games, he met with an accident. his head banged against his seat and he lose consciousness. As he was plugged in the laptop game , his memory gets automatically saved it the game drive. Doctors informed that Sebastian has gone to coma. At that time somebody steals his games from hospital and Michael , another boy buys them from the computer fair. When Michael starts the game on his computer Sebastian s memory stars to work . Seb asks Michael to help him to retrieve his memory . Michael tries to help Seb in the games-Wild-West Guns, Dragonquest Jailbreak but he fails. But at the last in the game -Warzone he gets success, and rescues Sebastian Shultz. In this way Seb s memory is retrieved and he gains consiousness. Later Michael gets to know that Seb was a real boy and not only a virtual game character. In the last Seb sends an e-mail of thanks to Michael for helping him. They both Michael Sebastian decides to meet soon. In the fiction Virtually true a boy named Sebastian Shultz is very fond of virtual games. Once when he was playing one of his psycodrive games, he met with an accident. his head banged against his seat and he lose consciousness. As he was plugged in the laptop game , his memory gets automatically saved it the game drive. Doctors informed that Sebastian has gone to coma. At that time somebody steals his games from hospital and Michael , another boy buys them from the computer fair. When Michael starts the game on his computer Sebastian s memory stars to work . Seb asks Michael to help him to retrieve his memory . Michael tries to help Seb in the games-Wild-West Guns, Dragonquest Jailbreak but he fails. But at the last in the game -Warzone he gets success, and rescues Sebastian Shultz. In this way Seb s memory is retrieved and he gains consiousness. Later Michael gets to know that Seb was a real boy and not only a virtual game character. In the last Seb sends an e-mail of thanks to Michael for helping him. They both Michael Sebastian decides to meet soon. In the fiction Virtually true a boy named Sebastian Shultz is very fond of virtual games. Once when he was playing one of his psycodrive games, he met with an accident. his head banged against his seat and he lose consciousness. As he was plugged in the laptop game , his memory gets automatically saved it the game drive. Doctors informed that Sebastian has gone to coma. At that time somebody steals his games from hospital and Michael , another boy buys them from the computer fair. When Michael starts the game on his computer Sebastian s memory stars to work . Seb asks Michael to help him to retrieve his memory . Michael tries to help Seb in the games-Wild-West Guns, Dragonquest Jailbreak but he fails. But at the last in the game -Warzone he gets success, and rescues Sebastian Shultz. In this way Seb s memory is retrieved and he gains consiousness. Later Michael gets to know that Seb was a real boy and not only a virtual game character. In the last Seb sends an e-mail of thanks to Michael for helping him. They both Michael Sebastian decides to meet soon. In the fiction Virtually true a boy named Sebastian Shultz is very fond of virtual games. Once when he was playing one of his psycodrive games, he met with an accident. his head banged against his seat and he lose consciousness. As he was plugged in the laptop game , his memory gets automatically saved it the game drive. Doctors informed that Sebastian has gone to coma. At that time somebody steals his games from hospital and Michael , another boy buys them from the computer fair. When Michael starts the game on his computer Sebastian s memory stars to work . Seb asks Michael to help him to retrieve his memory . Michael tries to help Seb in the games-Wild-West Guns, Dragonquest Jailbreak but he fails. But at the last in the game -Warzone he gets success, and rescues Sebastian Shultz. In this way Seb s memory is retrieved and he gains consiousness. Later Michael gets to know that Seb was a real boy and not only a virtual game character. In the last Seb sends an e-mail of thanks to Michael for helping him. They both Michael Sebastian decides to meet soon. In the fiction Virtually true a boy named Sebastian Shultz is very fond of virtual games. Once when he was playing one of his psycodrive games, he met with an accident. his head banged against his seat and he lose consciousness. As he was plugged in the laptop game , his memory gets automatically saved it the game drive. Doctors informed that Sebastian has gone to coma. At that time somebody steals his games from hospital and Michael , another boy buys them from the computer fair. When Michael starts the game on his computer Sebastian s memory stars to work . Seb asks Michael to help him to retrieve his memory . Michael tries to help Seb in the games-Wild-West Guns, Dragonquest Jailbreak but he fails. But at the last in the game -Warzone he gets success, and rescues Sebastian Shultz. In this way Seb s memory is retrieved and he gains consiousness. Later Michael gets to know that Seb was a real boy and not only a virtual game character. In the last Seb sends an e-mail of thanks to Michael for helping him. They both Michael Sebastian decides to meet soon. In the fiction Virtually true a boy named Sebastian Shultz is very fond of virtual games. Once when he was playing one of his psycodrive games, he met with an accident. his head banged against his seat and he lose consciousness. As he was plugged in the laptop game , his memory gets automatically saved it the game drive. Doctors informed that Sebastian has gone to coma. At that time somebody steals his games from hospital and Michael , another boy buys them from the computer fair. When Michael starts the game on his computer Sebastian s memory stars to work . Seb asks Michael to help him to retrieve his memory . Michael tries to help Seb in the games-Wild-West Guns, Dragonquest Jailbreak but he fails. But at the last in the game -Warzone he gets success, and rescues Sebastian Shultz. In this way Seb s memory is retrieved and he gains consiousness. Later Michael gets to know that Seb was a real boy and not only a virtual game character. In the last Seb sends an e-mail of thanks to Michael for helping him. They both Michael Sebastian decides to meet soon. In the fiction Virtually true a boy named Sebastian Shultz is very fond of virtual games. Once when he was playing one of his psycodrive games, he met with an accident. his head banged against his seat and he lose consciousness. As he was plugged in the laptop game , his memory gets automatically saved it the game drive. Doctors informed that Sebastian has gone to coma. At that time somebody steals his games from hospital and Michael , another boy buys them from the computer fair. When Michael starts the game on his computer Sebastian s memory stars to work . Seb asks Michael to help him to retrieve his memory . Michael tries to help Seb in the games-Wild-West Guns, Dragonquest Jailbreak but he fails. But at the last in the game -Warzone he gets success, and rescues Sebastian Shultz. In this way Seb s memory is retrieved and he gains consiousness. Later Michael gets to know that Seb was a real boy and not only a virtual game character. In the last Seb sends an e-mail of thanks to Michael for helping him. They both Michael Sebastian decides to meet soon. In the fiction Virtually true a boy named Sebastian Shultz is very fond of virtual games. Once when he was playing one of his psycodrive games, he met with an accident. his head banged against his seat and he lose consciousness. As he was plugged in the laptop game , his memory gets automatically saved it the game drive. Doctors informed that Sebastian has gone to coma. At that time somebody steals his games from hospital and Michael , another boy buys them from the computer fair. When Michael starts the game on his computer Sebastian s memory stars to work . Seb asks Michael to help him to retrieve his memory . Michael tries to help Seb in the games-Wild-West Guns, Dragonquest Jailbreak but he fails. But at the last in the game -Warzone he gets success, and rescues Sebastian Shultz. In this way Seb s memory is retrieved and he gains consiousness. Later Michael gets to know that Seb was a real boy and not only a virtual game character. In the last Seb sends an e-mail of thanks to Michael for helping him. They both Michael Sebastian decides to meet soon. In the fiction Virtually true a boy named Sebastian Shultz is very fond of virtual games. Once when he was playing one of his psycodrive games, he met with an accident. his head banged against his seat and he lose consciousness. As he was plugged in the laptop game , his memory gets automatically saved it the game drive. Doctors informed that Sebastian has gone to coma. At that time somebody steals his games from hospital and Michael , another boy buys them from the computer fair. When Michael starts the game on his computer Sebastian s memory stars to work . Seb asks Michael to help him to retrieve his memory . Michael tries to help Seb in the games-Wild-West Guns, Dragonquest Jailbreak but he fails. But at the last in the game -Warzone he gets success, and rescues Sebastian Shultz. In this way Seb s memory is retrieved and he gains consiousness. Later Michael gets to know that Seb was a real boy and not only a virtual game character. In the last Seb sends an e-mail of thanks to Michael for helping him. They both Michael Sebastian decides to meet soon.

The art of Capoiera Essay Example For Students

The art of Capoiera Essay Capoeira is the common name for the group of African martial arts that came out of west Africa and were modified and mixed in Brazil. These original styles included weapons, grappling and striking as well as animal forms that became incorporated into different components and sub styles of the art. In 1500s the Portuguese, led by explorer Pedro Alvares Cabral, arrived in Brazil. One of the first measures taken by the new arrivals was the conquering of the local population, the Brazilian Indians, in order to allow the Portuguese slave labor (for sugarcane and cotton). The experience with the Indians was a failure. The Indians quickly died in captivity or fled to their nearby homes. The Portuguese then began to import slave labor from Africa. On the other side of the Atlantic, free men and women were captured, loaded onto slave ships and sent on nightmare voyages that would end in bondage. The Africans first arrived by the hundreds and later by the thousands (approximately four million in total). We will write a custom essay on The art of Capoiera specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Three major African groups contributed in large numbers to the slave population in Brazil, the Sudanese group, composed largely of Yoruba and Dahomean peoples, the Mohammedanized Guinea-Sudanese groups of Malesian and Hausa peoples, and the Bantu groups (among them Kongos, Kimbundas, and Kasanjes) from Angola, Congo and Mozambique. The Bantu groups are believed to have been the foundation for the birth of capoeira. They brought with them their culture; a culture that was not stored in books and museums but in the body, mind, heart and soul. A culture that was transmitted from father to son, throughout generations. There was candomble, a religion; the berimbau, a musical instrument; vatapa, a food; and many other things. The Dutch controlled parts of the northeast between 1624 and 1654. Slaves took steps towards reconquest of heir freedom when the Dutch fought against the Portuguese colony, invading towns and plantations along the northeastern coast, concentrating on Recife and Salvador. With each Dutch invasion, the security of the plantations and towns were weakened. The slaves, taking advantage of the opportunities, fled into the forests in search of places in which to hide and survive. Many, after escaping, founded independent villages called quilombos. The quilombos were very important to evolution of capoeira. There were at least ten major quilombos with economic and commercial relationships with neighboring cities. The quilombo dos Palmraes asted sixty-seven years in the interior of the state of Alagoas, fighting off almost all expeditions sent to extinguish it. Because of the consistency and type of threat present, capoeira developed as a fight in the quilombos. The birth of capoeira as a fighting style was created in the slaves quarters and might not have developed further if left only to that environment. Starting around 1814, capoeira and other forms of African cultural expression suffered were prohibited in some places by the slave masters and overseers. Up until that date, forms of African cultural expression were permitted and sometimes even ncouraged, not only as safety against internal pressures created by slavery but also to bring out the differences between various African groups, in a spirit of divide and conquer. But with the arrival in Brazil in 1808 of the Portuguese king Dom Joao VI and his court, who were fleeing Napoleon Bonapartes invasion of Portugal, things changed. The newcomers understood the necessity of destroying a peoples culture in order to dominate them, and capoeira began to be persecuted in a process, which would end with its being outlawed in 1892. Why was capoeira suppressed? There were many motives. First of all it gave Africans a sense of nationality. It also developed self-confidence in individual capoeira practitioners. Capoeira created small, cohesive groups. It also created dangerous and agile fighters. Sometimes the slaves would injure themselves during the capoeira, which was not desirable from an economical point of view. The masters and overseers were probably not as conscious as the king and his intellectuals of his court of all of these motives, but even still, they knew something didnt seem right. There are many other theories to explain the origins of capoeira. According to one well known theory, capoeira was a fight that was disguised as a dance so that it could be practiced without knowledge of the white slave owners. This seems unlikely because when African culture began to be repressed, other forms of African dancing suffered prohibition along with capoeira, so there would be no sense in disguising capoeira as a dance. Another theory says that the Mucupes in the South of Angola had an initiation ritual (efundula) for when girls became woman, on which occasion the young warriors engaged in the Ngolo, or dance of the zebras, a warriors fight-dance. According o this theory, the Ngolo was capoeira itself. This theory was presented by Camara Cascudo , but one year later Waldeloir Rego warned that this strange theory should be looked upon with reserve until it was properly proven (something that never happened). If the NGolo did exist, it would seem that it was one of several dances that contributed to the creation of early capoeira. Other theories mix Zumbi, the legendary leader of the Quilombo dos Palmares with the origins of capoeira, without any reliable information on it. .ubcab06573a38cf37b3637f80d5389e3f , .ubcab06573a38cf37b3637f80d5389e3f .postImageUrl , .ubcab06573a38cf37b3637f80d5389e3f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubcab06573a38cf37b3637f80d5389e3f , .ubcab06573a38cf37b3637f80d5389e3f:hover , .ubcab06573a38cf37b3637f80d5389e3f:visited , .ubcab06573a38cf37b3637f80d5389e3f:active { border:0!important; } .ubcab06573a38cf37b3637f80d5389e3f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubcab06573a38cf37b3637f80d5389e3f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubcab06573a38cf37b3637f80d5389e3f:active , .ubcab06573a38cf37b3637f80d5389e3f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubcab06573a38cf37b3637f80d5389e3f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubcab06573a38cf37b3637f80d5389e3f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubcab06573a38cf37b3637f80d5389e3f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubcab06573a38cf37b3637f80d5389e3f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubcab06573a38cf37b3637f80d5389e3f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubcab06573a38cf37b3637f80d5389e3f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubcab06573a38cf37b3637f80d5389e3f .ubcab06573a38cf37b3637f80d5389e3f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubcab06573a38cf37b3637f80d5389e3f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Ceremonies of Food EssayAll of these theories are important when trying to understand the myth that urrounds capoeira, but they cannot be accepted as historical fact according to the data and information that we presently have. Maybe with further research, the theory that capoeira as a mix of various African dances and fights occurred in Brazil, mostly in the 19th century, will also be outdated in future years. With the signing of the Golden Law in 1888, which abolished slavery, the newly freed slaves did not find a place for themselves within the existing society. The capoeirista (practitioner of capoeira), with his fighting skills, self-confidence and individuality, quickly descended into criminality and apoeira along with him. In Rio de Janiero, where capoeira had developed exclusively as a form of fighting, criminal gangs were created that terrorized the population. Soon thereafter, during the transition from the Brazilian Empire to the Brazilian republic in 1890, these gangs were used by both monarchists and republicans to exert pressure on and break up the rallies of their adversaries. The club, the dagger and the switchblade were used to complement the damage done by various capoeira moves. In Bahia on the other hand, capoeira continued to develop into a ritual-dance-fight-game, and the berimbau began to be an ndispensable instrument used to command the rodas ( sessions of capoeira games), which always took place in hidden places since the practice of capoeira had been outlawed by the first constitution of the Brazilian Republic (1892). At the beginning of the twentieth century, in Rio the capoeirista was a rouge and a criminal. Whether the capoeirista was white, black or mulatto, he was an expert in the use of kicks (golpes), sweeps (rasteiras) and head-butts (cabecadas), as well as in the use of blade weapons. In Recife, capoeira became associated with the citys principal musicbands. During carnival time, tough capoeira fighters would lead the bands through the streets of that city, and wherever two bands would meet, fighting and bloodshed would usually occur. In Bahia, the capoeirista was also often seen as a criminal. The persecution and the confrontations with the police continued. The art form was slowly extinguished in Rio and Recife, leaving capoeira only in Bahia. It was during this period that legendary figures, feared players such as Besouro Cordao-de-Ouro in Bahia, Nascimento Grande in Recife and Manduca da Praia in Rio, who are celebrated to his day in capoeira, made their appearances It is said that Besouro lived in Santo Amaro da Purificacao in the state of Bahia, and was the teacher of another famous capoeirista by the name of Cobrinha Verde. Besouro did not like the police and was feared not only as a capoeirista but also for having his corpo fechado (a person who through specific magic rituals, supposedly has almost complete invulnerability in the face of various weapons). According to legend, an ambush was set up for him. It is said that he himself carried the written message identifying him as the person to be killed, thinking that it was a essage that would bring him work. Legend says he was killed with a special wooden dagger prepared during magic rituals in order to overcome his corpo fechado. Of all the rouges that led the carnival bands through the streets of Recife, Nascimiento Grande was one of the most feared. Some say he was killed during police persecution in the early 1900s, but others say he moved from Recife to Rio de Janiero and died of old age there. Manduca da Praia was of an earlier generation and always dressed in an extremely elegant style. It is said that he owned a fish store and lived comfortably. He was also one of those who ontrolled elections in the area he lived in. It is said that he had twenty-seven criminal cases against himself (for assault, knifing etc. ) but was always overlooked due to his influence of the politicians he worked for. The two central figures in capoeira in the twentieth century were undoubtedly Mestre Bimba and Mestre Pastinha. These two figures are so important in the history of capoeira that they (and the mystery that surrounds them) are the mythical ancestors of all capoeira players. Much of what a modern capoeira player tries to be is due to what these men were or represented. In 1932 in Salvador, Mestre Bimba (Manuel dos Reis Machado) opened the first capoeira academy. He started teaching what he called the regional fight from Bahia, eventually known as Capoeira Regional (faster more aggressive than traditional Capoeira Angola style). This was made possible by nationalistic policies of Getulio Vargas, who wanted to promote capoeira as a Brazilian sport. .u9acc8964b4b9de56092fce37bef3c128 , .u9acc8964b4b9de56092fce37bef3c128 .postImageUrl , .u9acc8964b4b9de56092fce37bef3c128 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9acc8964b4b9de56092fce37bef3c128 , .u9acc8964b4b9de56092fce37bef3c128:hover , .u9acc8964b4b9de56092fce37bef3c128:visited , .u9acc8964b4b9de56092fce37bef3c128:active { border:0!important; } .u9acc8964b4b9de56092fce37bef3c128 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9acc8964b4b9de56092fce37bef3c128 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9acc8964b4b9de56092fce37bef3c128:active , .u9acc8964b4b9de56092fce37bef3c128:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9acc8964b4b9de56092fce37bef3c128 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9acc8964b4b9de56092fce37bef3c128 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9acc8964b4b9de56092fce37bef3c128 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9acc8964b4b9de56092fce37bef3c128 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9acc8964b4b9de56092fce37bef3c128:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9acc8964b4b9de56092fce37bef3c128 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9acc8964b4b9de56092fce37bef3c128 .u9acc8964b4b9de56092fce37bef3c128-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9acc8964b4b9de56092fce37bef3c128:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Origanum Vulgare EssayAlthough Bimba opened his school in 1932, the official recognition only came about in 1937. The Getulio Vargas government permitted the practice of capoeira, but only in enclosed areas that were registered with the police. With the opening of Bimbas Academy, a new era in the history of capoeira began, as the game was taught to the children of the upper classes of Salvador. Bimba was active in capoeira his whole life. In 1941, Mestre Pastinha (Vincente Ferreira Pastinha) opened his capoeira angola school. For the first time, capoeira began to be taught and practiced openly in a formal setting. He became known as the philosopher of capoeira. Unfortunately, government authorities, under the reforming of the Largo do Pelourinho, had his academy confiscated. Although he was promised a new one, the government never came through. The final years of his life were ad. Blind and almost abandoned, he lived in a small room until his death in 1981 at the age of ninety-two. Capoeira has grown tremendously over the last fifty years. It has finally been excepted by the masses in Brazil. Capoeira competitions and academies are surfacing everywhere. In 1974 it was recognized as the national sport of Brazil. This forced the creation of a national federation of capoeira. In 1974 it was recognized as the national sport of Brazil. It was formed to govern, promote and coordinate capoeira since no effort was made previously to unite the various emurgances of capoeira throughout Brazil. Capoeira has expanded beyond the borders of Brazil and is growing rapidly in other countries (including the United States). Capoeira appeals to many for many different reasons. First of all the pure beauty of the art is hypnotic. Capoeira is a dance and a fight. Its not only a combination of gymnastics, dance and martial arts but also music, culture, history and knowledge. The capoeirista must learn to balance the physical with the mental. The capoeirista must play many instruments and sing. The capoeirista may at times be your enemy but is usually a friend. The capoeirista is a historian. The capoeirista is all of these. Description: Capoeira consists of a form of dance, practiced in a circle called the roda, with sound background provided by percussion instruments, like the agogo and the atabaqui. The Berimbau is a non-percussion instrument that is always used on rodas. Capoeira relies heavily on kicks and leg sweeps for attacks and dodges for defenses. Is not uncommon to not be taught any kind of hand strike, though arm positioning for blocks is taught. The ginga (the footwork of Capoeira), consists in changing the basic stance (body facing the adversary, ront leg flexed with body weight over it, the other leg stretched back) from the right leg to the left leg again and again. Capoeira also puts a heavy emphasis on ground fighting, but not grappling and locks. Instead, it uses a ground stance (from the basic stance, you just fall over your leg stretched back, flexing it, and leaving the front leg stretched ahead), from which you make dodges, kicks, leg sweeps, acrobatics, etc. Hand positioning is important but it is used only to block attacks and ensure balance, though street fighting capoeiristas use the hands for punches. When fighting, it is rare to top in one stance, and in this case, you just follow your opponent with your legs, preventing him from getting close, or preparing a fast acrobatic move to take advantage when he attacks. The rest of the time, you just keep changing stances and do the equivalent of boxing jabs. Players enter the game from the peda roda (foot of the circle), usually with a cartwheel (au). Once in the circle, two players interact with a series of jumps, kicks, flips, head and handstands and other ritualistic moves. Games can be friendly or dangerous. The music plays an important role in the feel of the game. The type of game being played, whether fast or slow, friendly or tough, depends on the rhythm being played and the lyrics being said. Training: After a thorough warm-up, standing exercises are done, with emphasis on the ginga, and on the basic kicks: bencao, a front-stomping kick, martelo, a roundhouse kick, chapa, a side-kick, meia-lua, a low turning kick, armada, a high turning kick, queixada, an outside-inside crescent kick. Then walking sequences are done, with the introduction of somersaults, back flips and headstands, in couples and individual. Some more technical training follows, with couples beginning basic and slow, and then the whole class forms and goes for roda game for at least 30 minutes. Capoeira conditions and develops the muscles, especially the abdominal muscles. Sub-Styles: Regional style is capoeira in a more artistic, open form, giving more way to athletic prowess and training. Angola style is a more closed, harder style that is closest to the original African systems that came to Brazil. Iuna is a totally athletic and artistic form of the art, where the couple inside the roda play together, as opposed to one against the other.

Open House at Private Schools

Open House at Private Schools If youre applying to a private school, you might notice that many of them offer something called an open house. What is it and why should you attend? In the most simple terms, a private school open house is a chance for you to visit the school. Some schools have a block of time where prospective families can come and go, meet the admissions team, and take a quick tour, while others offer full programs that require families to register in advance and arrive by a specific time. Open houses may have limited space, so if its not clear whether registration is required, its always a good idea to check with the admissions office to be sure.   Exactly what happens at an open house can vary from school to school, but typically you can expect to hear from the Head of School and/or the Director of Admission, as well as one or more of the following things during an open house.   A Campus Tour Nearly every private school open house will have an opportunity for prospective families to tour the campus. You might not be able to see the entire  campus, especially if the school is set on hundreds of acres, but youll likely get to see the main academic buildings, the dining hall, library, the student center (if the school has one), arts facilities, gymnasium, and select athletics facilities, as well as a School Store. Often these are led by students, giving you a chance to ask questions about life from a students perspective.  If youre attending an open house at a boarding school, you might also get to see a dorm room or at least the inside of the dormitory and the common areas. If you have a special request for a tour, you will want to call the admission office in advance to see if they can accommodate you or if youll need to schedule a separate appointment.   Panel Discussions and Question Answer Session Many private schools will host panel discussions where students, faculty, alumni and/or current parents will talk about their time at the school and answer questions from the audience. These discussions are a great way to get a general overview of life at the school and help you learn more. Usually, there will be limited time for questions and answers, so if your question doesnt get asked and answered, just ask to follow up with an admission representative later on.   Class Visits Attending a private school means going to class, so many schools will offer students and their parents to attend class so you can get an idea of what the classroom experience is like. You may not be able to attend the class of your choice, but attending any class, even if its conducted in another language, will give you an idea of the student-teacher dynamic, style of learning, and if youll feel comfortable in class. Some schools will offer students the opportunity to shadow current students for an entire day, giving you the full experience, while others only provide the opportunity for visitors to attend one or two classes.   Lunch Food is an important part of a school, as youre going to each lunch here every day and if youre a boarding student, breakfast, and dinner, too. Many private school open houses include lunch so you can try the food and see what the dining hall is like.   Club Fair Schools will sometimes offer a club fair, where prospective students and families can learn about after-school sports, activities, clubs, and other things that happen on campus as part of student life. Each club or activity may have a table where you can ask questions and meet students who share the same interests as you.   Interview Some schools will offer a chance for prospective students to interview during the open house event, while others will require a second personal visit to conduct these. If youre not sure if interviews are possible or if youre traveling from a distance and want an interview while youre there, ask if its possible to schedule one before or after the event.   Overnight Visit This option is less common  and is only found at select boarding schools, but occasionally prospective students are invited to spend the night in the dorm. These overnight visits are arranged in advance  and are not available if you just show up at an open house unexpectedly. Parents will typically find lodging in town or nearby, while students stay with a host student. Visitors are expected to participate in whatever activities happen at night, including study halls, so be sure to bring a book to read or homework. Lights out rules are also expected to be followed, as are restrictions for when you are allowed to leave the dorm at night and in the morning. If youre doing an overnight, you may wish to bring your own shower shoes, towel, and toiletries, in addition to a change of clothes for the next day. Ask if you need to bring a sleeping bag and pillow, too.   A common misconception about open house events is that attending means youre absolutely going to apply. Usually, its quite the opposite. These massive gatherings of prospective families are designed to introduce you to the school and help you decide if you truly want to learn more and complete the application process.

Critical evaluation on the standard model of professional legal ethics Essay

Critical evaluation on the standard model of professional legal ethics (neutral -partisanship ) - Essay Example According to this theory, the lawyers need to keep high standards of morality in their profession and this at times goes against the interest of their clients. According to Atkinson (1993)â€Å"The concept of lawyering are two correlated principles, partisanship and neutrality. The first of these, partisanship, is the more obvious:' the lawyer is to use all legal means, and the maximum of personal energy and zeal, to advance any client end, subject only to the constraint of the outer limits of the letter of the law. The second, less obvious, principle is neutrality toward the morality of clients' purposes†. Lawyers are the law protecting agents of the society; hence they have the superior obligation to work for the fulfillment of the justice and preservation of the law. The model of professional legal ethics aspire the legal professionals in setting a foundation which is strong in terms of moral and ethics. However, the lawyers have the obligation to heed to his conscience whe n considering a legal fight. A lawyer should not only focus on the freedom of his clients but consider whether the client is ethically right or wrong. Finally, the legal professional ethics aims at serving the interest of the clients but this should not be achieved by going against the moral and ethical standards of the law. Analysis of few cases in relation to professional ethical standards In this section certain cases are being assessed in terms of the professional ethical standards. This is done to consider the implication of ethics and morals by the legal profession in defending their clients. These case studies focus on the problems and dilemmas faced by the lawyers when acting in favor of their clients .A lawyer is a professional with high moral obligation towards his clients as well as the society. Even thought the neutral partisanship allows a lawyer in acting in favor of his clients, it also ask him to act according to the law - abiding rules and principles. He should not reject the moral and ethical values and only look in to the protection of his client. In order to find the complication faced by lawyers, we can study few cases which demand the ethical and moral obligation from the lawyers. Surat & Scheingold(1998) claims that â€Å"The role of lawyers and the scope for legal activity is, for example, considerably broader in the American than in the British common law system. Similarly, in times of crisis, liberal regimes may undertake repressive measures that undermine the rule of law and drive cause lawyers into defensive postures†. Case 1 : Acting for the Pride of Britain Organisation Harold Truman a multi – billionaire is the man who represent the Pride of Britain Organization, which is a political party with specific interest to support British nationals. This political party, PBO which is funded by Truman has taken anti – immigrant stands to protect the job opportunity of British nationals by hindering the prosperity of m igrants. The Truman has contacted the Monkmans solicitors for working on behalf of PBO and initializing the anti – immigrant policies. However, the Monksmans solicitors being a representative for refugees, asylum seekers and economic migrants presented strong objections to the interests of Truman and PBO. Trumen being the client of Monksman solicitors, has the right to get sufficient favors from the latter .However, considering their professional ethics and morals principles, the Monksmans Solicitors decided to abide by their mission of protecting the rights and privileges of local immigrants and refugees . They denied working against their true professional motives, to not to jeopardize their reputation as a protector of immigrants .The case conveys the message that being a lawyer is not only about serving the client

Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 19

Personal Statement Example I hope to acquire advanced knowledge of leadership models and strategic planning approaches used in the United States so that I can eventually apply them in Macedonia. I have taken critical steps to lay a strong foundation for my career. Currently, I am working at IMG Prishtina and Skopje offices as a national support staff. My job responsibilities include the evaluation of projects undertaken by the Norwegian Embassy Civil Society Fund and other nonprofit organizations. In the past, I have served as a volunteer with a nongovernmental organization named Camp Glow, which focuses on helping young women maximize their potential and become influential leaders in the society. I graduated with a business administration degree at the South Eastern European University in 2008. I was fortunate to serve as an intern at the UNDP Skopje. Immediately after graduation, I had the opportunity to work for the Macedonian Nation Electricity Distribution Company at the billing department. The position helped me develop remarkable computational and quantitative skills. I have pursued master courses in information systems at the University of Lund in Sweden. I have sel ected the United States for my master’s program because of its highly developed curriculum in leadership and management courses and the fact that the country has some of the prestigious universities in the world. After gaining the remarkable knowledge and skills from the United States, I will focus on using such knowledge to influence the Macedonian society positively by transforming nonprofit organizations. In conclusion, I am well aware that the Macedonian society can benefit immensely if young people adopt modern leadership models. For this reason, I will do my best to become an exemplar for others and help nonprofit organizations adopt effective leadership styles as a measure of promoting

Is the War on Terrorism a War Essay Example for Free

Is the War on Terrorism a War Essay The Global War on Terrorism is a military campaign that began shortly after the terrorist attacks of September 11th 2001. First used by George W. Bush, the phrase ‘war on terror’ has become to be conceptualized as a term used to signify ‘global military, political, lawful, and conceptual struggle targeting both organizations designated as terrorists and regimes accused of supporting them. † The war on terror main focus has been with Islamist militants and Al-Qaeda. The war in Afghanistan and Iraq are both considered to be part of the war on terrorism. There is much speculation on whether the war on terror is actually a war. This essay will argue that both points of view are valid. There are reasons which validate the war on terrorism as being considered an actual war such as the fact that an actual decelaration of war was waged by both the US and Al-Qaeda, it can be considered a new way of war, and that ultimately like war, terrorism is a mean to a political end. On the other side of the spectrum, it may not be considered a war because it does not have a clear end or possible victory, it does not have a confined battle space as regular wars, and it is a ‘war’ against an immaterial concept such as the wars on poverty, drugs, and crime. There is an extensive amount of literature on the subject of terrorism and especially the war on terror. Mia Bloom in ‘Dying to Kill: The Allure of Suicide Terror’ examines the use strategies, successes, and failures of suicide bombing in Asia, the Middle East, and Europe. She claims that in many instances the effort of Israel, Russia, and the United States have failed to deter terrorism and suicide bombings. Bloom also contemplates how terrorist groups learn from one another, and thus how they react and retaliate to counterterror tactics the financing of terrorism, and the role of suicide attacks against the backdrop of larger ethnic and political conflicts. Another current scholar writing on terrorism is Mark Juergensmeyer. Juergensmeyer studies religious terrorism more specifically. Bruce Hoffman gives a brilliant insight to terrorism and all its aspects. Hoffman describes its historical evolution and the mindset of the terrorist. He examines this invisible enemy and his tactics and motivation in a globalized world. Hoffman argues that the 9/11 attacks on the Twin Towers radically altered the USA’s and the Wests view on terrorism. When attempting to answer the above question it is important to clarify and define the terms. Terrorism has a vast number of definitions and varies greatly depending on who is trying to define it and from what perspective it is being defined and at which scope. For example one definition of terrorism is the FBI’s definition of it as ‘the unlawful use of force or violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a Government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in further political or social objectives’. Another definition is from the Department of Defense which states it to be as ‘the calculated use of unlawful violence or threat of unlawful violence to inculcate fear; intended to coerce or to intimidate governments or societies in the pursuit of goals that are generally political, religious, or ideological objectives. A final example of one of the many definitions of terrorism is that of the Department of homeland Security which states it as ‘any activity that involves an act that is dangerous to human life or potentially destructive of critic infrastructure or key resources; and†¦must also appear to be intended (i) to intimidate or coerce a civilian population; (ii) to influence the policy of a government by intimidation or coercion; (iii) to affect the conduct of a government by mass destruction, assassination, or kidnapping. ’ These definitions vary quite greatly from one to another. Any definition of terrorism suits a particular agency and how they look at the act of violence, whereas very few look at the causes for it and what its essence is. Notice the selected vocabulary for each definition will suit the type of agency’s profile. The problem with defining terrorism is one that it is a subjective thing, and two that the parties trying to define it try to include everything and nothing in it. They try to put and various different events that happened and situations as well to help define it so as to make sure that terrorism encompasses a large number of things. For example the discotheque bombing of Bali. It seems that the definitions need to include anything that attacks the west. With regards to the war on terror, is it the war on terror or terrorism? Is there really a war on terrorism and if so according to whom? The USA? Al-Qaeda? And in which theatres and locations are we talking about? The war on terror might be a war on terror in Afghanistan but not in other places. Also the title of the question is quite ambiguous because is terrorism is an act of war, or is war is an act of terrorism? Each one can be unfolded onto the other easily. It is also important to consider who is included in the war on terror, is it all terrorists groups including terrorist groups like the IRA? Or is it just limited to Islamist militant terrorist groups such as Al-Qaeda? It is not always clear who are the terrorists and who are the terrorized†¦ â€Å"All politics is a struggle for power, and the ultimate kind of power is violence. † Hoffman writes that terrorism is where politics and violence intersect in the hope of delivering power. And that all terrorism involves a quest for power. Power to do many things such as to dominate, coerce, control but ultimately to ‘effect fundamental political change. Clausewitz’s definition of war was ‘war is the continuation of Politick by other means’. In this context terrorism fits in accordance to his definition as terrorism too can be considered part of war. Terrorism can be considered a tactic or act of war, or war a tactic or act of terrorism. For example the French used torture during the Battle of Algiers, the US uses terror tactics itself such as Abu Ghraib. It is very difficult to separate war from terrorism neatly. Being a terrorist is a stepping-stone to becoming a politician. Thus because of the very ambiguous relationship and line between war and terrorism, terrorism can be considered as a new way, or military tactic of fighting war. Thus anything that tries to counter attack it can also be considered a war. Thus rending the war on terrorism a war. Terrorism is ‘a complex phenomena in which violence is used to obtain political power to readdress grievances ’ In order for one to consider the war on terrorism as an actual war, an actual statement of waging war has had to been made. This is the case with the war on terrorism. Al-Qaeda did declare war on the USA in 1998. The bush administration created the term of the ‘axis of evil’ and the USA did fight a conventional war in Iraq in 2003. The war on terrorism might not be a war in itself but it could be made up and composed by several on going wars such as Chechnya, the government of Sri Lanka versus the Tumult Tigers (which was actually the first country to successfully defeat terrorism), and Mali. There have been clear objectives set out and enemies to defeat. Although this enemy is invisible, and the way of fighting the battles are different (due to the asymmetrical aspect of the war on terror) it does not mean this is not a war. The rules have changed, the battle space as well, the way of thinking of the enemy and war has changed drastically. But it is still war. It is just a new face of war. However, the war on terrorism is hard to define as an actual ‘war’ for several reasons. One, because it seems the US and the West are just policing and engaging in nation building to promote liberal democracy. Hoffman mentions the second factor, which is vastly important in discrediting the war on terrorism as a war stating that ‘unlike traditional wars, the war on terror does not have a clear end’. This is because the victory seems unattainable. Terrorism won’t die along with the terrorist leaders. Not even when the most wanted terrorist has been killed. DCIA Leon E. Panetta stated that I dont think theres any question that when you get the number one terrorist in the world, that were a little safer today than we were when he was alive. But I also dont think we ought to kid ourselves that killing Usama Bin Ladin kills al-Qaida. Al-Qaida still remains a threat, theyre still going to try to attack our country, and I think we have to continue to be vigilant and continue the effort to ultimately defeat these guys. We damaged them, but we still have to defeat them. In order for a war to be a war, shouldn’t it have a clear end? Or at least a possible one? The war on terrorism also is discredited as being an actual war because it does not take place on a clear battle space. The director of public prosecutions, Sir Ken Macdonald quoted London is not a battlefield. Those innocents who were murdered on July 7 2005 were not victims of war. And the men who killed them were not, as in their vanity they claimed on their ludicrous videos, soldiers. They were deluded, narcissistic inadequates. They were criminals. They were fantasists. We need to be very clear about this. On the streets of London, there is no such thing as a war on terror, just as there can be no such thing as a war on drugs He continues by stating that ‘the fight against terrorism on the streets of Britain is not a war. It is the prevention of crime, the enforcement of our laws and the winning of justice for those damaged by their infringement. The war on terror could simply be a war against a ‘thing’ such as the war on poverty, drugs, crime tc†¦ There is no real way to defeat, destroy and rid the planet of such immaterial concepts. The war on terrorism looked under these aspects becomes more difficult to truly accept as a war. It is difficult to answer the question if whether the war on terrorism is an actual war. It appears that there is a struggle between Al-Qaeda fighting secularism, consumerism, and immorality and the US and the We st is fighting against backwardness and against groups of people who reject western values and globalization. Is this what the real war being fought is about? Is this the actual war that is going on? There are both aspects crediting the war on terrorism as a war and others discrediting it. This question however is highly relevant and intertwines to other aspects of IR305 such as the changing nature of war (is the war on terror the new type of war? ), the different types of warfare (is the war on terror the new western way of warfare and terrorism the Arab way of warfare? ), and the topic of risk societies (are we breeding more terrorism by fighting the war on terror, thus creating more risk). All of these various aspects of IR305 are relevant to the topic of the war on terrorism.

Free Candide Essays: Politically Incorrect :: Candide essays

The Politically Incorrect Candide    Candide is a story that should be added to every canon in literature. It is a story that addresses issues about human nature that other stories choose to ignore.   It addresses issues such as human nature, optimism, and religion and state.   These elements give an insight and a perspective that readers do not usually get in every day literature.   These elements are controversial, but from an honest point of view.   Voltaire never tries to be politically correct – he tells it like it is or at least tells it like he sees things.   Not only does Voltaire address the ignorance of mankind, but also he directly challenges the integrity of the church and state.   This, in Voltaire's day and often times in modern days, can prove to be quite dangerous. Through all of this, Voltaire sternly opposes many issues of religion and state.   Because of these dangerous issues, Voltaire was forced to deny his writing of Candide.   By Voltaire's death in 1778, Candide had climbed to fifty editions and became the best seller of the eighteenth century. (pg.11 Weitz)         Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Because of the conflict prevalent in the story of Candide, it makes this story a good topic for discussion in a classroom setting.   There is much debating that can be done over many topics.   The range of offensive topics in Candide is sure to strike a nerve in every one in some way, shape or form.   Or, at least bring up issues valuable enough for discussion. Candide is a story the students, in some parts can relate to, and possibly in other parts be offended by.   It is a novel that by all means should be read by every one to experience a perspective that is none too often revealed in literature especially in the day that Voltaire wrote Candide. Free Candide Essays: Politically Incorrect :: Candide essays The Politically Incorrect Candide    Candide is a story that should be added to every canon in literature. It is a story that addresses issues about human nature that other stories choose to ignore.   It addresses issues such as human nature, optimism, and religion and state.   These elements give an insight and a perspective that readers do not usually get in every day literature.   These elements are controversial, but from an honest point of view.   Voltaire never tries to be politically correct – he tells it like it is or at least tells it like he sees things.   Not only does Voltaire address the ignorance of mankind, but also he directly challenges the integrity of the church and state.   This, in Voltaire's day and often times in modern days, can prove to be quite dangerous. Through all of this, Voltaire sternly opposes many issues of religion and state.   Because of these dangerous issues, Voltaire was forced to deny his writing of Candide.   By Voltaire's death in 1778, Candide had climbed to fifty editions and became the best seller of the eighteenth century. (pg.11 Weitz)         Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Because of the conflict prevalent in the story of Candide, it makes this story a good topic for discussion in a classroom setting.   There is much debating that can be done over many topics.   The range of offensive topics in Candide is sure to strike a nerve in every one in some way, shape or form.   Or, at least bring up issues valuable enough for discussion. Candide is a story the students, in some parts can relate to, and possibly in other parts be offended by.   It is a novel that by all means should be read by every one to experience a perspective that is none too often revealed in literature especially in the day that Voltaire wrote Candide.

Long Island Authors and Writers Essay

Hempstead, NY, USA (September 8, 2014) — Three members of LIAWS (Long Island Authors and WritersSociety) will take to the stage at Hoftsra University’s Guthart Cultural Center Theater and deliver their story about what led them to write their respective books. It takes place on Wednesday September 17, 2014, 7:00 PM and is part of the organization’s ongoing workshops on the craft of writing that take place throughout Long Island. There will be a question and answer session following the presentation. Authors Mary Beth Czubay, Yvonne Capitelli , and Tom Gahan are the presenters for Long  Island Authors and Writers Society’s inaugural Story Behind the Story presentation. Mary Beth Czubay shares the story of what inspired her to write her book, Easy Out On Third-Raising A Child With Special Needs. She will take the audience on an uplifting and inspirational journey of what it is like to try to live an ordinary life while facing extraordinary circumstances on a daily basis and overcoming obstacles. Yvonne Capitelli envisioned writing children’s books while growing up on Long Island, NY. She achieved her dream, wrote Daria Rose and the Day  She Chose, and became a ten-time award winning children’s author. She was inspired by her daughter to start writing positive character building books that motivate children to make good choices, be determined, and take control of their own happiness. Capitelli is also a children’s motivational speaker. Notable eastern Long Island resident Tom Gahan is the author of Harmony Bay, a well-received novel that became required reading at several high-schools. His premiere novel earned him a place on an international list of authors — â€Å"Writers You Should Get to Know. † He has worked as a journalist and freelance writer. Gahan will talk about the many influences and characters from around Long Island that inspired him to write Harmony Bay. â€Å"Hofstra University’s Department of English (hofstra. edu/English) offers undergraduate concentrations in English and American literature, creative writing, and publishing. It also offers an MFAin Creative Writing and an MA in English Literature, as well as a Summer Writers Program that just completed its 40th year, says Ginny Greenberg, Public Relations Director at Hofstra. â€Å"Hofstra’s Great Writers, Great Readings series (hofstra. edu/gwgr), started in 2004, brings award-winning writers across the genres to campus to engage students in intimate writing workshops and readings. † Hofstra students and the general public are welcome to come and hear The Story Behind the Story. It is an interesting and entertaining evening that offers the stories of three local authors and what motivated them to write their books. Admission is free. It all takes place on Wednesday, September 17, 2014 at 7:00 PM at Hoftsra University’s Guthart Cultural. Center Theater, Axinn Library, 1st floor on the south side of the campus. Driving directions can be found at http://www. hofstra. edu/theaterdirections. For more about Long Island and Writers Society, please visit http://www. LIAWS. org. LIAWS is a 501-c-3 not-for-profit organization. What: The Story Behind the Story When: Wednesday, September 17, 2014, 7 PM Where: Hoftsra University’s Guthart Cultural Center Theater, Axinn Library Who: Long Island Authors Mary Beth Czubay, Yvonne Capitelli, Tom Gahan Why: Learn the stories of three Long Island authors and what motivated them to write their books Admission: Free About LIAWS: The Long Island Authors and Writers Society is a not-for-profit organization dedicated to support and promote the craft of writing through supporting one another, mentoring its members, educational programs, in-school programs, book events and events related to writing, and community outreach to residents of Long Island interested in writing. LIAWS nurtures writers and authors at all levels of development in a mutually beneficial  environment. LIAWS: provides a trusting atmosphere where authors and writers can come together to meet their individual needs and share information for the good of the whole, supplies strong motivational programs of interest to all writers, offers the opportunity for members to network on different levels according to their needs, provides an environment that promotes authors, and encourages writers to strive to publish their work. All members pledge to support one another and to be involved in supporting the activities of the organization.

The Effects Of School Start Time On Student Learning

In contrast, starting late possesses ample positive effects. First of all, obtaining more sleep improves overall performance in school. â€Å"Delaying school start times by one hour, from roughly 7:30 to 8:30, increases standardized test scores by at least 2 percentile points in math and 1 percentile point in reading† (â€Å"THE IMPACT OF SCHOOL START TIMES†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). If students are more alert because of increased sleep, classroom performances will improve, which will benefit the school as a whole. Not only will grades increase, schools will be able to save money with a later start. According to Houston, 30 percent of transportation costs will be saved. All of this extra money could be free to spend on learning, which will, in turn, benefit students academically. Secondly, students will not be rushed in the morning, which will reduce the number of tardies and absences. According to â€Å"Impact of School Start Time on Student Learning†, principals noted that stu dents were less likely to skip first period and their overall attitudes toward school improved. Although there are many positives, a late start has a few negatives attributed to it. â€Å"If school start times were based on sleep cycles, elementary schools should start at 7:30 and high schools at 8:30 or 8:45† (â€Å"Impact of School Start Time on Student Learning†). Sports and jobs will suffer for those students participating in those activities because school will end at such a late time. Not only will sports finish later, homework time willShow MoreRelatedTraditional And Cyberbullying : The Differences And Effects On Children And Learning996 Words   |  4 PagesTraditional and Cyberbullying: The Differences and Effects on Children and Learning In the news, there have been reports told about school shootings over the last several years. 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